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1.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 86(5): 461-464, oct. 2021. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388682

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El piometra es una afección infrecuente, pero grave, que en general se diagnostica en mujeres posmenopáusicas. En adolescentes es sumamente raro, y si se acompaña de amenorrea primaria hay que tener en mente las anomalías congénitas. CASO CLÍNICO: Adolescente de 13 años, sin antecedentes personales de interés salvo amenorrea primaria, que acude con abdomen agudo y es intervenida por una peritonitis difusa causada por un piometra secundario a disgenesia (estenosis) cervical congénita. Se realizó dilatación cervical y se dejó una sonda vesical intrauterina para prevenir la reestenosis. CONCLUSIONES: Un diagnóstico precoz y un tratamiento conservador con dilatación cervical y colocación temporal de un catéter urinario son esenciales para un manejo seguro y efectivo de la estenosis cervical en adolescentes.


INTRODUCTION: Pyometra is an uncommon but serious condition that is generally diagnosed in postmenopausal women. In adolescents it is extremely rare; if accompanied by primary amenorrhea, consider congenital abnormalities. CASE REPORT: A 13-year-old adolescent, with no relevant personal history except primary amenorrhea, who presented with an acute abdomen and was operated on for diffuse peritonitis caused by pyometra secondary to congenital cervical dysgenesis (stenosis). Cervical dilation was performed and a urinary catheter was temporarily placed inside the uterus to prevent restenosis. CONLUSIONS: An early diagnosis and conservative treatment with cervical dilation and temporary placement of a urinary catheter are essential for the safe and effective management of cervical stenosis in adolescents.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Uterine Cervical Diseases/etiology , Constriction, Pathologic/etiology , Pyometra/complications , Urinary Catheterization , Stents , Uterine Cervical Diseases/congenital , Uterine Cervical Diseases/therapy , Constriction, Pathologic/congenital , Constriction, Pathologic/therapy , Dilatation
2.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 39(3): 186-191, Mar. 2019. tab
Article in English | VETINDEX, LILACS | ID: biblio-1002796

ABSTRACT

Kidney disease that affects bitches with pyometra may lead patients to develop chronic renal failure even after pyometra treatment. Therefore, several studies have sought to clarify the gaps in the understanding of the pathogenesis of renal injury in pyometra. Identification of early detection markers for renal damage, which can predict and identify the prognosis of the disease, is very important. Proteinuria analysis can diagnose kidney damage, since proteins such as albumin are not filtered through the glomerulus and those that undergo glomerular filtration are almost completely reabsorbed by tubular cells. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC) can detect renal injury in bitches with pyometra before development of azotemia. For this, 44 bitches with pyometra were divided into two groups: bitches with azotemic piometra (A, n=15, creatinine >1.7) and bitches with non-azotemic pyometra (NA, n=29). The two groups were compared to the control group (CG, n=12), which had no signs of systemic disease. All animals underwent blood and urine tests. Leukocytosis was more evident in bitches in the A group than in the other groups. This shows that the inflammatory response may be associated with the pathogenesis of renal injury. The median UPC in bitches with pyometra was significantly higher than in the CG, with a median above the reference values. In conclusion, the UPC can be used in bitches with pyometra to detect renal damage before the development of azotemia. It has been suggested that the UPC of bitches with pyometra should be followed through during the postoperative period so that permanent renal lesions secondary to pyometra can be diagnosed and treated properly before the development of azotemia.(AU)


A doença renal que afeta cadelas com piometra pode levar a insuficiência renal crônica mesmo após o tratamento. Portanto, vários estudos procuraram esclarecer as lacunas na compreensão da patogênese da lesão renal na piometra. A identificação de marcadores de lesão renal precoce, que podem prever e identificar o prognóstico da doença é muito importante. A análise da proteinúria pode diagnosticar lesão renal, uma vez que proteínas como a albumina não são filtradas através do glomérulo e aquelas que sofrem filtração glomerular são quase completamente reabsorvidas pelas células tubulares. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se a relação proteína-creatinina urinária (UPC) pode detectar lesão renal em cadelas com piometra antes do desenvolvimento de azotemia. Para isso, 44 cadelas com piometra foram divididas em dois grupos: cadelas com piometra azotêmica (A, n=15, creatinina >1,7) e cadelas com piometra não azotêmica (NA, n=29). Os dois grupos foram comparados ao grupo controle (CG, n=12), que não apresentaram sinais de doença sistêmica. Todos os animais foram submetidos a exames de sangue e urina. A leucocitose foi mais evidente nas cadelas do grupo A do que nos outros grupos. Isso mostra que a resposta inflamatória pode estar associada à patogênese da lesão renal. A mediana da UPC em cadelas com piometra foi significativamente maior que no CG, com uma mediana acima dos valores de referência. Em conclusão, a UPC pode ser usada em cadelas com piometra para detectar lesões renais antes do desenvolvimento de azotemia. Sugeriu-se que a UPC de cadelas com piometra deve ser acompanhada durante o pós-operatório, de modo que as lesões renais permanentes secundárias à piometra possam ser diagnosticadas e tratadas adequadamente antes do desenvolvimento de azotemia.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Dogs , Proteinuria/veterinary , Creatinine/urine , Endometrial Hyperplasia/veterinary , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/veterinary , Azotemia/veterinary , Pyometra/veterinary , Urinalysis/veterinary
3.
Revista Digital de Postgrado ; 8(1): 156, 2019. ilus
Article in Spanish | LIVECS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1023831

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un caso de mujer postmenopáusica, goajira, sin criterios de riesgo para adenocarcinoma del endometrio, que mediante el legrado uterino por aspiración de piometra se diagnosticó un carcinoma pavimentoso primitivo epitelial del endometrio (CPPEE), por llenar algunos criterios: no invasión al cuello, ni extensión de uno cervical al endometrio, ni la presencia de queratinización de la superficie endometrial y/o puentes intercelulares. No hubo evidencia de presencia de virus de papiloma humano (VPH). Después de la histerectomía se encontró que sí existía un tumor endometrial grado III, estadio IB. compuesto por elementos glandulares y tejido escamoso en ciertas áreas. Tampoco existían criterios para un diagnóstico de ictiosis uterina, infiltrante, sin componente velloso, Hubo confusión en el diagnóstico inicial. La rareza del CPPEE, menos de 100 casos reportados en el mundo, condujo al análisis con varios patólogos. Se concluye que para obtener el diagnóstico correcto, deben llenarse los criterios de Flumman y de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, excluir infección del tracto genital por VPH, los estudios de inmunohistoquímica deben ser positivos para queratinas y carecer de receptores para estrógenos y progesterona. El legrado o la biopsia no son confiables para el diagnóstico. Además de la evaluación histológica y del estadio clínico, el estudio de toda la pieza quirúrgica es fundamental para emitir pronóstico(AU)


A goajira menopausal woman, with no risk criteria for endometrial adenocarcinoma, was diagnosed through uterine curettage by aspiration of pyometra as primary squamous carcinoma of the endometrium (CPPEE) to meet following criteria: no invasion of the cervix, no extension of the cervical to the endometrium, absence of keratinization of the endometrial surface and intercellular bridges. There was no evidence of human papillomavirus. After the hysterectomy, there was an endometrial tumor composed of glandular elements and squamous tissue in areas, without filling the elements for diagnosis of ichthyosis uteri, infiltrating, without vellous component, grade III and stage IB. There was confusion in the initial diagnosis. The rarity of the CPPEE, less than 100 cases in the world, led to the analysis with several pathologists. It is concluded that in order to obtain the correct diagnosis, it must meet the criteria of Flumman and WHO, exclude infection of the genital tract by HPV, immunohistochemical studies must be positive for keratins and lack estrogen and progesterone receptors. The curettage or the biopsy are not reliable and the study of the whole surgical part is fundamental. In order to establish a prognosis, an accurate diagnosis must be made(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Carcinoma/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Endometrial Neoplasms , Biopsy , Hysterectomy , Ichthyosis
4.
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-989573

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: The Herlyn-Werner-Wünderlich (HWW) syndrome is the association of three urogenital anatomic alterations of low incidence. Müllerian alterations are rare and are usually incidental findings; consequently, they are underdiagnosed and their genesis and correlation with having a higher probability of expression on the right side are unknown. Case Report: This is the case of a 17-year-old patient who consulted for severe hypogastric abdominal pain linked to foul-smelling bleeding. On physical examination, a vaginal septum was found, while complementary images showed uterus didelphys and renal agenesis, leading to diagnose HWW syndrome. Furthermore, pyometra and hematocolpus were also documented and managed with antibiotic therapy. Given the adequate response to treatment, hospital discharge was authorized with follow-up by external consultation, since the definitive management could not be provided during hospital stay. Discussion: One of the causes of recurrent abortions is the presence of this syndrome; however, when properly diagnosed, definitive treatment can be provided to reduce con-ceptional losses and urogenital hematopuru-lent collections. Conclusions: HWW syndrome is a rare malformation that increases the risk of suffering from gynecological infectious diseases or blood collections. Surgical management of the vaginal septum is a definitive treatment that improves quality of life and reduces the risk of morbidities associated with the pathology.


RESUMEN Introducción. El síndrome de Herlyn-Werner-Wünderlich (HWW) es una asociación de tres alteraciones anatómicas urogenitales de baja incidencia. Las alteraciones müllerianas son poco comunes y suelen ser hallazgos incidentales, por lo que se encuentran subdiag-nosticadas y poco se conoce su génesis o su relación con tener más probabilidad de expresión en el lado derecho. Reporte de caso. Se trata de una paciente de 17 años quien consultó por dolor abdominal hipogástrico de fuerte intensidad ligado a sangrado fétido. En el examen físico se encontró tabique vaginal y en las imágenes complementarias se evidenció útero didelfo y agenesia renal, diagnosticando así síndrome HWW. Igualmente, se documentó piómetra y hematocolpos que se manejaron con terapia de antibióticos; dada la adecuada respuesta al tratamiento, se dio egreso hospitalario con seguimiento por consulta externa, pues el manejo definitivo no se pudo proporcionar durante la estancia hospitalaria. Discusión. Una causa de abortos a repetición es la presencia de síndrome HWW; sin embargo, al ser correctamente diagnosticado, se puede dar un tratamiento definitivo que disminuya las perdidas concepcionales y colecciones hematopurulentas urogenitales. Conclusiones. El síndrome HWW es una malformación poco común que aumenta el riesgo de padecer cuadros infecciosos ginecológicos o colecciones hemáticas. El tratamiento definitivo consiste en el manejo quirúrgico del tabique vaginal que mejora la calidad de vida y disminuye el riesgo de morbilidades asociadas a la patología.


Subject(s)
Humans , Urogenital Abnormalities , Gynecologic Surgical Procedures , Uterus , Pyometra , Genitalia
5.
J. Bras. Patol. Med. Lab. (Online) ; 53(4): 270-272, July-Aug. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-893563

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT We report a rare case of a 67-year-old postmenopausal woman presenting diffuse peritonitis secondary to spontaneous perforation of pyometra with obstructive acute abdomen. During laparotomy was performed subtotal abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The histopathology found the presence of moderately differentiated uterine squamous cell carcinoma. Despite intensive care, the patient died due to multiple organ failure resulting from sepsis on postoperative day 1. This case shows the importance of clinical suspicion on the acute gynecological diseases presenting as a systemic disease in the emergency room.


RESUMO Relatamos um caso raro de uma mulher pós-menopausa com 67 anos de idade, a qual apresentou como peritonite difusa secundária a perfuração espontânea de piometra com abdômen agudo obstrutivo. Durante a laparotomia foi realizada histerectomia abdominal subtotal com salpingo-ooforectomia bilateral. A histopatologia determinou a existência de carcinoma de células escamosas moderadamente diferenciado do útero. Apesar dos cuidados intensivos, a paciente veio a óbito por falência múltipla de órgãos decorrente de sepse no primeiro dia do pós-operatório. Este caso mostra a importância da suspeita clínica sobre as doenças ginecológicas agudas que se apresentam como doenças sistêmicas na sala de emergência.

6.
Ciênc. rural ; 47(5): e20160325, 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-839822

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: Pyometra is a common disease in intact female dogs and can cause glomerulopathy and tubular injury. This study aimed to evaluate kidney injury in female dogs with pyometra, as well as progression of the injury during treatment and the markers of this condition. This study analyzed 20 intact female dogs with both clinical and sonographic diagnosis of pyometra. Dogs were treated with intravenous fluids and antibiotics, and an ovariohysterectomy was performed. The following parameters were assessed at eight separate time points: blood pressure; serum creatinine, phosphorus, and urea levels; urinalysis and urinary biochemical parameters [urinary gamma-glutamyl transferase (uGGT) and urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR)]; glomerular filtration rate (GFR); and urine output. All dogs showed some degree of kidney injury at the time of pyometra diagnosis. This was transient in most animals, resolving with treatment of the pyometra. Measurement of uGGT and UPCR identified renal parenchymal injury, helping to determine the prognosis of the animals analyzed in the present study.


RESUMO: A piometra é afecção frequente em cadelas e pode causar glomerulopatias e lesões tubulares. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar injúria renal em cadelas com piometra, sua progressão ao longo do tratamento e o uso de marcadores dessa alteração. Participaram 20 cadelas com diagnóstico clínico e ultrassonográfico de piometra, submetidas à fluidoterapia, antibioticoterapia e ovariohisterectomia. Foram avaliados pressão arterial, concentração sérica de creatinina, fósforo e ureia; urinálise e bioquímica urinária (gama-glutamiltransferase urinária e razão proteína/creatinina urinárias), taxa de filtração glomerular e débito urinário, em oito tempos. Todas as cadelas apresentaram algum grau de injúria renal no momento do diagnóstico da piometra, sendo transitória na maioria dos animais após o tratamento. O uso de marcadores de injúria renal identificou lesão de parênquima renal, contribuindo com o prognóstico dos animais estudados.

7.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 38(12): 623-628, Dec. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-843885

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT We describe a Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome (HWWS) patient with previous history of infertility who got pregnant without treatment and presented a pyometra in the contralateral uterus throughout the gestational period, despite multiple antibiotic treatments. Due to the uterus' congenital anomaly and the possibility of ascending infection with subsequent abortion, this pregnancy was classified as high-risk. We believe that the partial horizontal septum in the vagina may have contributed to the closure of the gravid uterus cervix, thus ensuring that the pregnancy came to term, with an uneventful vaginal delivery.


RESUMO Os autores descrevem uma paciente com síndrome de Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich (SHWW) e história prévia de infertilidade, que engravidou espontaneamente. Durante todo o período gestacional apresentou, apesar da instituição de antibioticoterapia, um piometra localizado ao útero não gravídico. Devido à anomalia congênita uterina e ao risco de infeção ascendente, com possível desfecho obstétrico desfavorável, esta gravidez foi classificada de alto risco. O septo vaginal horizontal e parcial poderá ter contribuído para ausência de disseminação da infecção, permitindo que a gravidez tenha chegado a termo, com um parto vaginal, sem intercorrências.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnostic imaging , Kidney/abnormalities , Urogenital Abnormalities/diagnostic imaging , Uterus/abnormalities , Infertility, Female/etiology , Pyometra , Syndrome , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Urogenital Abnormalities/complications , Uterus/diagnostic imaging , Vagina/abnormalities , Vagina/diagnostic imaging
8.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 67(5): 1241-1248, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-764450

ABSTRACT

A piometra é uma afecção comum em cadelas com uma etiologia hormonal associada à infecção bacteriana, levando ao acúmulo de exsudato uterino. Desequilíbrios ácido-base e hidroeletrolíticos são complicações que contribuem para a progressão da doença, o que piora o estado geral da paciente e pode levá-la ao óbito. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi caracterizar os distúrbios ácido-base e eletrolíticos em cadelas com piometra, além de avaliar se a terapia hídrica pré-cirúrgica (Ringer lactato) é efetiva na correção desses desequilíbrios. Vinte cadelas com piometra foram submetidas à hemogasometria em oito tempos preestabelecidos. Concluiu-se que o distúrbio ácido-base mais frequente foi a alcalose respiratória e que a terapia hídrica no pré-cirúrgico com solução Ringer lactato foi efetiva na correção da acidose metabólica e proporcionou melhora na alcalose respiratória, embora não tenha corrigido quadros de alcalose metabólica.


Pyometra is a common disease in dogs with a hormonal etiology associated with a bacterial infection and leading to accumulation of uterine exudates. Acid-base and electrolyte disturbances are complications that contribute to disease progression, worsening the condition of the patient, possibly leading death. The aim of this study was to characterize the acid-base and electrolyte disturbances in dogs with pyometra, and to evaluate whether preoperative fluid therapy (Ringer's lactate) is effective in correcting these imbalances. Twenty bitches with pyometra were subjected to blood gas analysis in eight pre-set times. It was concluded that the acid-base disorder was the most frequent respiratory alkalosis and fluid therapy in the preoperative Ringer 's lactate solution was effective in the correction of metabolic acidosis, although this has not corrected metabolic alkalosis frames and has provided improved alkalosis breathing .


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Acid-Base Equilibrium , Alkalosis, Respiratory , Pyometra/veterinary , Water-Electrolyte Balance , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Ketosis/veterinary , Hysterectomy/veterinary , Tramadol/therapeutic use
9.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 66(5): 1611-1614, Sep-Oct/2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1095994

ABSTRACT

From fifteen female dogs with clinical diagnoses of pyometra, hematological exams were performed at three times: M0 (prior to the surgery), M24 (24h after ovarysalpingohisterectomy-OSH) and M48 (48h after OSH). Anemia was seen in 80% of the cases, characterized as mild normocytic normochromic type. The means of total leukocyte counts were 27.043, 57.940 and 40.139 céls/µL in M0, M24 and M48. A total of80% of the animals presented neutrophilic left shift in all moments. During medullar exams, the cellular, iron reserve and megakaryocytic concentration were raised as well as the ME ratio, showing a value of 26,3:1,0, probably due to the elevation of granular proliferation and maturation compartment, as the mean of the reserve compartment was within normal range. As 83% of the animals with neutrophilic left shift showed a melullary reserve compartment raised, it can be concluded that female dogs with piometra had left shift of neutrophils with disproportionally between compartments, without segmented medullar saturation.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Dogs , Bone Marrow/pathology , Pyometra/veterinary , Neutrophils , Blood Cell Count/veterinary
10.
Medisur ; 12(2): 426-430, abr. 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-760262

ABSTRACT

La piometra es una acumulación de pus en la cavidad endometrial. Aparece cuando existe una estenosis del orificio cervical debida a procesos malignos de cuerpo uterino o de cérvix, tras tratamientos con cirugía o radioterapia y por atrofia senil. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 84 años remitida al Servicio de Urgencias Hospitalarias del Hospital Universitario Basurto, en Bilbao, España por el médico de la residencia donde se encuentra institucionalizada debido a que presentaba fiebre mantenida desde hacía dos semanas, sin focalidad aparente, diagnosticada como infección urinaria y tratada con amoxicilina-clavulánico. Por los exámenes imagenológicos se diagnosticó piometra en útero bicorne. Fue sometida al drenaje del piometra por vía vaginal, bajo anestesia general, tras dilatación mecánica del canal cervical. Se puso tratamiento con ertapenen. La evolución fue satisfactoria. Por lo poco común del caso se decidió su presentación.


Pyometra is an accumulation of pus in the endometrial cavity. It occurs when there is a stenosed cervical os as a result of malignant growths in the uterus or cervix, surgery or radiation therapy and senile atrophy. We present the case of an 84-year-old female patient referred to the Emergency Service of the Basurto University Hospital in Bilbao, Spain by the doctor of the nursing home where she is institutionalized because of a two-week history of continued fever without apparent cause. She was diagnosed with urinary tract infection and treated with amoxicillin/clavulanate. Based on the imaging tests, a pyometra in bicornuate uterus was diagnosed. She underwent drainage of the pyometra via the vaginal route, under general anesthesia, after mechanical dilation of the cervical canal. Treatment with ertapenen was prescribed. Progression was satisfactory. Given the rarity of this case, we decided to present it.

11.
Rev. colomb. obstet. ginecol ; 64(3): 338-343, jul.-set. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-695827

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analizar un caso clínico de piometra por Streptococcus agalactiae tras parto vaginal. Revisar los factores de riesgo, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de esta entidad. Materiales y métodos: se presenta el caso de una puérpera de 35 años con cuatro partos anteriores y parto vaginal diez días antes, quien consulta por sangrado genital abundante al Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada (España) que realiza la atención obstétrico-ginecológica de la población sur de Granada y es centro de referencia de los Hospitales Básicos del Área Sanitaria Sur de la provincia. La ecografía transvaginal muestra cavidad uterina ocupada por contenido heterogéneo. Se practica legrado obteniéndose abundante material purulento, se hace diagnóstico de piometra y se instaura tratamiento antibiótico de amplio espectro. Cultivo positivo para Streptococcus agalactiae. Posteriormente presenta recidiva que precisa drenajes y tratamiento antibiótico intravenoso con clindamicina e imipenem, con buena evolución. Se realiza una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos: Pubmed, Cochrane y UpToDate utilizando los términos de búsqueda piometra posparto, endometritis posparto, Streptococcus agalactiae. Resultados: se encontraron 833 artículos en las bases de datos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 40 sobre casos de piometra o endometritis posparto en humanos incluyendo finalmente 14 artículos, 3 correspondieron a casos clínicos y 11 a revisiones del tema. Conclusiones: la aparición de piometra tras un parto vaginal eutócico es poco frecuente en humanos, pero debe considerarse como posible entidad etiológica en casos de fiebre puerperal con factores de riesgo asociados. El diagnóstico se basa en una buena exploración clínica y ecográfica, y se debe instaurar de forma precoz un tratamiento antibiótico de amplio espectro y realizar drenaje del mismo


Objective: To analyze a clinical case of rarely ocurring pyometra associated to Streptococcus agalactiae, after vaginal delivery and to review risk factors, diagnosis and treatment. Materials and methods: Case seen at the San Cecilio University Hospital in Granada (Spain), which provides obstetric and gynecological services to the population of southern Granada and is a referral center for the primary care hospitals of the southern provincial health district. The patient is a 35 year-old woman, parity 4, who assisted to the hospital, ten days ten days after eutocic vaginal delivery, with a clinical picture consistent with pyometra. On transvaginal ultrasound, the uterine cavity appeared occupied by heterogeneous content. Dilatation and curettage were performed with retrieval of abundant purulent material, and treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics was instituted. The culture was positive for Streptococcus agalactiae. Pyometra reappeared at a later date, requiring drainage and intravenous treatment with clyndamicin and imipenem, with a good outcome. A literature search was conducted in the Pubmed, Cochrane and UpToDate databases using the terms pyometra, post-partum, endometritis, Streptococcus agalactiae. Results: Of 833 articles found in the databases, 40 with cases of pyometra or postpartum endometritis in humans were selected. Of these, 14 articles were finally selected, including 3 that described clinical cases and 11 topic reviews. Conclusions: The occurrence of pyometra after eutocic vaginal delivery is rare in humans, but must be considered as a potential etiology in cases of post-partum fever with associated risk factors. The diagnosis is based on good clinical and ultrasound examination, and the condition requires early treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics and drainage


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Endometritis , Pyometra , Streptococcus agalactiae
12.
Rev. Ciênc. Agrovet. (Online) ; 12(Especial): 33-34, junho 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1488009

ABSTRACT

A piometra canina pode ser conhecida também como hiperplasia endometrial cística, sendo mais comum em cães na fase adulta da vida, caracterizado com a inflamação do útero e acúmulo de pus (VOLPATO et al., 2012). Geralmente, está relacionada às alterações hormonais e é comumente observada em cães idosos ou de meia-idade (SHIA et al., 2011). O acúmulo de substância purulenta dentro do lúmen do útero de cadelas ocorre comumente durante ou posterior a uma temporada de predominância da progesterona, que age estimulando a secreção das glândulas do endométrio, eliminando as contrações do útero, criando assim um ambiente intra-uterino benéfico para o crescimento bacteriano (PATIL et al., 2013).


Subject(s)
Female , Animals , Dogs , Ovariectomy/veterinary , Pyometra/veterinary , Uterine Rupture/veterinary
13.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 33(5): 635-642, maio 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-678344

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a hemodinâmica renal de cadelas com piometra por meio de exames laboratoriais, ultrassonografia Modo B e Doppler, antes e após o tratamento cirúrgico com ovariosanpigohisterectomia (OSH). Foram utilizadas 30 cadelas com diagnóstico de piometra, todas foram submetidas a OSH (momento 1) e 20 foram reavaliadas sete dias após a cirurgia (momento 2). A perfusão renal, o índice de resistividade da artéria renal principal e de cada artéria interlobar (cranial, média e caudal) foi estatisticamente diferente entre os momentos 1 e 2 (p<0,05). Não foi observada diferença estatística para a perfusão renal entre o rim direito e esquerdo no momento 1 e 2. As correlações entre o índice de resistividade da artéria renal principal e as variáveis utilizadas para verificar a função renal foram estabelecidas no momento 1. Para as variáveis correlacionadas ureia, creatinina, proteinúria, relação GGT/creatinina e proteína/creatinina ocorreram associações curvilíneas e positivas com o índice de resistividade da artéria renal principal (p<0,05), no entanto essas correlações foram consideradas de média e fracas. Ao comparar o IR da artéria renal principal com diferentes escores de desidratação e perfusão renal, este foi estatisticamente diferente, e demonstrou aumento da resistência renal em cadelas com moderada redução da perfusão renal, assim como em cadelas desidratadas. Foram avaliadas diversas características de morfologia renal na ultrassonografia Modo B, no entanto, somente as variáveis presença de dilatação de pelve, sinal da medular e outras alterações como áreas de infartos e pontos hiperecogênicos difusos na cortical e medular renal foram estatisticamente distintas de um momento para o outro, com maior frequência no momento 2. Os resultados do presente trabalho demonstram que a ultrassonografia Doppler pode identificar alterações de redução na perfusão renal, por meio do Doppler colorido e o aumento do índice de resistividade das artérias renais em cadelas com piometra. Assim como, a ultrassonografia modo B, embora apresente alterações inespecíficas, pode detectar alterações renais progressivas em cadelas com piometra.


The aim of this study was evaluate the renal hemodynamics of bitches with pyometra by means of laboratory tests, ultrasound B mode and Doppler, before and after treatment with ovariohysterectomy (OSH). This study evaluated 30 bitches with pyometra, all were subjected to OSH (moment 1) and 20 were evaluated after 7 days (moment 2). The renal perfusion, the resistivity index (RI) of the main renal artery and the interlobar arteries (cranial, middle and caudal) were statistically different between times 1 and 2 (p<0,05). There was no statistical difference for renal perfusion between the left and the right kidney at the time 1 and 2. The correlations between the IR of the main artery and the variables used to determine renal function were stablished at the time 1. For the correlated variables: urea, creatinine, proteinuria, ratio GGT/creatinine and protein/creatinine were curvilinear and positive associations with the resistivity index of the main renal artery (p<0,05), however these correlations were considered medium and weak. Comparing the RI of the main renal artery with different scores of dehydration and renal perfusion, there was statistical difference, and show increased of resistance renal in bitches with moderate reduction in renal perfusion as well as in dehydrated bitches. Were evaluated several features of renal morphology in ultrasound B mode, however, only the presence of pelvic dilatation, medullary signal and other changes as infarcts areas and diffuse hyperechoic spots in the renal cortical and medullary were statistically different from one moment to the other, most frequently at the time 2. The results of this study show that the Doppler ultrasound can identify changes of reduction in renal perfusion by color Doppler and the increasing of the resistivity index of the renal arteries in some bitches with pyometra. As well as, the ultrasound B mode, although has non-specific changes, can detect progressive renal disorders in bitches with pyometra.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Dogs , Dogs/metabolism , Hysterectomy/veterinary , Pyometra/veterinary , Kidney Function Tests/veterinary , Ultrasonography, Doppler/veterinary , Creatinine , Hemodynamics , Proteinuria , Urea
14.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 64(5): 1109-1117, out. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-655879

ABSTRACT

Analisou-se a piometra de 31 cadelas, de raças e idades variadas, sendo 25 cadelas com piometra de cérvice aberta e seis de cérvice fechada. Após ovariossalpingo-histerectomia, foram coletados fragmentos da cérvice e do útero para a avaliação imunoistoquímica. Foram analisados os receptores de estrógenos α e β, progesterona e colágenos I e III. Foram realizadas imunomarcações em diferentes regiões da cérvice, como o epitélio glandular, o epitélio luminal e o estroma glandular, assim como em diferentes regiões do útero, como o epitélio glandular e o estroma glandular. As imunomarcações de colágenos I e III foram realizadas nas regiões glandular e muscular da cérvice e do útero. Concentrações de receptores de progesterona foram maiores em cadelas com piometra fechada.


The pyometra in 31 bitches of different breeds and ages, 25 with pyometra cervix open and 6 closed cervix was analyzed. After the ovariohysterectomy procedure, samples were collected from the cervix and uterus to evaluate immunohistochemistry. For immunohistochemical evaluation estrogen receptors α and β, progesterone and collagen I and III were analyzed. Immunostainings were performed in different regions of the cervix such as glandular epithelium, luminal epithelium and glandular stroma, as well as in different regions of the uterus, such as glandular epithelium and glandular stroma. The immunostainings for collagen I and III were performed in muscular and glandular regions of the cervix and uterus. The concentration the progesterone receptors were elevated in bitches from the closed pyometra.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Dogs/anatomy & histology , Dogs/genetics , Pyometra/veterinary , Uterus/anatomy & histology , Immunohistochemistry
15.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 49(2): 130-138, 2012. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-687585

ABSTRACT

A piometra é uma afecção reprodutiva comum que acomete fêmeas caninas, podendo se agravar e progredir para o quadro de sepse grave e choque séptico. A precocidade da instituição da antibioticoterapia é determinante para um melhor prognóstico. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os principais microrganismos envolvidos nos casos de sepse grave em cadelas acometidas por piometra e submetidas à ovário-histerectomia terapêutica, por meio de realização de hemocultura e cultura da secreção uterina e antibiograma. Foram avaliadas 33 fêmeas caninas e o principal agente envolvido com a sepse grave secundária à piometra foi a Escherichia coli, identificada em 57,57% dos casos. Também foram identificados Staphylococcus sp., com incidência de 9,09%, Citrobacter koseri, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter faecalis, Eduardsiella sp., Klebsiella pneumoniae e Streptococcus sp., com 3,03% de frequência cada. Após a realização do antibiograma pelo método de difusão, os antimicrobianos que apresentaram maior eficácia contra as cepas de Escherichia coli foram a gentamicina, a enrofloxacina, a cefalexina e a associação de amoxicilina com ácido clavulânico, nesta ordem. A cultura da secreção uterina foi mais sensível que a hemocultura para identificação do agente microbiano (p<0,0001). A identificação bacteriana é útil para direcionar a antibioticoterapia empírica mais específica, de acordo com o perfil de sensibilidade, minimizando assim o desenvolvimento de resistência, o custo do tratamento e o risco de reações adversas aos antimicrobianos utilizados.


Pyometra is a common reproductive disorder that affects female dogs. It can represent a serious clinical entity and progress to severe sepsis and septic shock. The premature antibiotic therapy is crucial for a better prognosis. The aim of this study was to identify the most frequent microorganisms involved in the context of pyometra and severe sepsis in animals undergoing ovariohysterectomy, by blood and uterine secretion culture and antibiogram. The tests were conducted in 33 female dogs with pyometra. The most frequent recovered bacteria were Escherichia coli in 57.57%. Staphylococcus sp. was also isolated, in 9.09%. Citrobacter koseri, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter faecalis, Eduardsiella sp., Klebsiella pneumoniae e Streptococcus sp. were also found with a 3.03% frequency each. After diffusion antibiotic test, the gentamicin was the most effective drug to E. coli, followed by enrofloxacin, cephalexin and the combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Uterine secretions cultures were more sensitive than blood culture to identify the bacterial (p<0.0001). The bacterial identification followed by an antibiogram allows to choose a better therapy in the presented disease in dogs.


Subject(s)
Animals , Bacteriology/trends , Dogs/classification , Hysterectomy/veterinary , Pyometra/microbiology
16.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 47(4): 282-292, out.-dez. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-565525

ABSTRACT

A insuficiência renal aguda foi avaliada em 351 cadelas com piometra, selecionando-se 132 pelos critérios: creatinina > 2,4 mg/dL e/ou ureia > 80 mg/dL e/ou aumentos relativos de 100% de creatinina e/ou ureia séricas, no diagnóstico, 24 horas após a ovariossalpingohisterectomia e na retirada dos pontos. Foi administrado Ringer lactato de sódio até 90 mL/kg/h, durante quatro horas, ou três dias. Os parâmetros avaliados antes e após cada terapia foram: peso, pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), frequência cardíaca, função renal, hemogasimetria arterial, bioquímica sérica e urinária, unidade de remoção de ureia, fração de excreção de eletrólitos e clearance de creatinina. A análise univariada detectou diferença significante (p < 0,05) para: PAS, pH urinário, peso corpóreo, ureia e creatinina séricas, fração de excreção de eletrólitos e clearance da creatinina. Comparadas as sobreviventes (79,6%) com as não sobreviventes (20,4%), respectivamente, detectou-se creatinina sérica de 2,38 ± 1,33 mg/dL (média ± desvio padrão) e mediana 2,2 mg/dL e de 5,54 ± 3,0 mg/dL (média ± desvio padrão) e mediana 4,4 mg/dl, com diferença significante (p < 0,0001). Quanto ao clearance da creatinina endógena nas sobreviventes, 1,82 ± 1,74 mL/kg/min (média ± desvio padrão) e mediana 1,34 mg/dL e as não sobreviventes 0,36 ± 0,38 mg/dL (média ± desvio padrão) e mediana 0,23 mg/dL, com diferença significativa (p < 0,0001). Conclui-se que o critério de inclusão pode auxiliar na seleção dos animais em estado grave e o clearance da creatinina, considerado relevante quando observados valores > 1 mL/kg/min; negativo com valores < 1 mL/kg/min e indicador de falência renal grave e ou morte para valores < 0,5 ml/kg/min.


Acute renal failure (ARF) was evaluated prospectively in 351 female dogs with piometra, 132 animals were selected for this study, fulfilling the following criteria, measured in three moments (immediately after the diagnosis, 24 hours after the hysterectomy and when the suture was removed): creatinine > 2.4 mg/dL and/or urea > 80 mg/dL and/or relative increases of 100% in comparison with values previously obtained. The animals selected for the prospective study received conservative treatment consisting in lactated Ringer solution, with the maximum dose of 90 mL/kg/hr, during four hours. The factors evaluated before and after the therapy were: weight, systolic arterial pressure, heart rate, renal function, arterial hemogasometry, serum and urinary biochemistry and the endogenous renal creatinine clearance. The evaluated parameters showed significant statistical differences (p < 0.05) when companing: PAS (systolic arterial pressure), urinary pH, wheigt, serum urea and creatinine, excretion electrolyte rate and creatinine clearance. Howerer, the survining animals (79.6%) that received the treatment described above showed decresead levels of serum creatinine- 2,38 ± 1,33mg/dL and median 2.2 mg/dL – when compared to the non-survining animals (20.4%) that received the same treatment – 5.54 ± 3.0mg/dL and median 4.4mg/dL – (p < 0.0001). When comparing the endogenous creatinine clearance, the survining animals had higher values – 1.82 ± 1.74mL/kg/min and median 1.34 mL/kg/min – than the non-survining animals – 0.36 ± 0.38 mL/kg/min and median 0.23 mL/kg/min – (p < 0.0001). Concluding: the criteria used to include the animals in this study can help to select the severely affected animals. Values higher than 1mL/kg/min are considered as a good prognosis while values lower than 1mL/kg/min are considered as a restricted prognosis. Values lower than 0.5 mL/kg/min are considered as strong predictors of severe renal failure or death.


Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury , Fluid Therapy , Uterus/pathology , Hysterectomy , Perioperative Care
17.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 60(5): 1263-1266, out. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-500099

ABSTRACT

Susceptibility profile and multiple drug resistance in 158 E. coli strains isolated from urinary tract infection (UTI), pyometra, and feces of dogs were studied. Norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin were the most-effective drugs (>60 percent) for E. coli strains. High rates of resistance to antimicrobials were observed in 60 percent or more of the isolated strains using sulfametoxazole/trimetoprim. Multiple drug resistance for three or more antimicrobials was observed in two (47.1 percent) strains isolated from UTI, seven (13.5 percent) from pyometra, and four (7.3 percent) from feces. From these, 17 (33.3 percent), one (1.9 percent), and three (5.5 percent), respectively, showed multiple resistance to five or more drugs.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Feces , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Urinary Tract/immunology
18.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 39(3): 477-483, July-Sept. 2008. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-494534

ABSTRACT

As pyometra is recognized as one of the main causes of disease and death in the bitch the purposes of this study were to evaluate microbiological and histopathological aspects of canine pyometra and to research the virulence factors of the E. coli isolates identifying possible risks to human health. The microbiological isolation from the intrauterine contents of 100 dogs with pyometra was carried out and the virulence factors in the E. coli strains were identified using PCR method. This study also consisted of the counting of microorganisms colonies forming units in samples of intrauterine content, tests of antimicrobial susceptibility of the E. coli isolates and the histological examination of the uterus. E. coli was the most prevalent microorganism isolated (76.6 percent) and 120 strains (79.5 percent) were positive for sfa, 86 (56.9 percent) were positive for cnf, 87 (57.6 percent) were positive for pap, 52 (34.4 percent) were positive for hly, 51 (33.8 percent) were positive for iuc and 5 (3.3 percent) were positive for afa genes. One observed more sensitivity of E. coli to norfloxacin, polimixin B, sulphazotrin, chloranfenicol and enrofloxacin. In 42 percent of the samples of uterine walls where microorganisms were isolated, the sizes of the areas of the inflammatory responses corresponded to 39-56 percent. Virulence factors were identified in 98.0 percent of the strains evaluated, demonstrating a high frequency of potentially pathogenic E. coli. It must be considered that dogs are animals that are living in close proximity to man for thousands of years and have an important role in the transmission of E. coli to other animals and to man.


A piometra é uma enfermidade da cadela adulta, sendo a doença reconhecida como uma das causas mais comuns de morte desta espécie animal. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram a avaliação de aspectos microbiológicos e histopatológicos da piometra canina e pesquisa de fatores de virulência de E. coli, identificando possíveis riscos para a saúde humana. Foi realizado o exame microbiológico de conteúdo intra-uterino de 100 cadelas com piometra bem como a contagem de unidades formadoras de colônias de microrganismos nestas amostras, testes de susceptibilidade "in vitro" aos antimicrobianos de E. coli e pesquisa de fatores de virulência nestas estirpes, e exame histopatológico de amostras de útero. Escherichia coli foi o microrganismo mais freqüentemente isolado (76,6 por cento), sendo que 120 estirpes (79,5 por cento) foram positivas para os genes sfa, 86 (56,9 por cento) foram positivas para cnf, 87 (57,6 por cento) foram positivas para pap, 52 (34,4 por cento) foram positivas para hly, 51 (33,8 por cento) foram positivas para iuc e 5 (3,3 por cento) foram positivas para afa. Observou-se maior sensibilidade de E.coli à norfloxacina, polimixina B, sulfazotrim, cloranfenicol e enrofloxacina. Em 42 por cento das amostras de parede uterina nas quais foram isolados microrganismos, os tamanhos das áreas de processo inflamatório corresponderam a 39-56 por cento. Foram identificados fatores de virulência em 98,0 por cento das estirpes de Escherichia coli avaliadas, demonstrando uma alta freqüência de E. coli potencialmente patogênica. Deve-se considerar que os cães são animais que vivem em proximidade aos homens há milhares de anos e possuem um papel importante na transmissão de E. coli aos outros animais e também ao homem.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Disease , Disease Susceptibility , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Histology , In Vitro Techniques , Microbiology , Methods , Methods , Virulence
19.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 60(4): 1032-1034, ago. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-489855

ABSTRACT

The antimicrobial sensibility of Escherichia coli strains isolated from the uterine content of bitches was evaluated. Fifteen E. coli strains were tested in relation to their susceptibility to different antimicrobials. The results demonstrated 100 percent of resistance to all tested drugs, being a quite conflicting finding compared to other works, which observed variable resistance of those bacteria to different antimicrobials but not the same multi-resistance pattern. The detection of those multi-resistance strains configures a problem, with important implications on the antimicrobial therapy. Therefore, additional investigations for a best characterization and extension of this problem are needed.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Dogs , Drug Resistance , Uterine Diseases/veterinary , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods
20.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 32(2): 105-108, 1995.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1470488

ABSTRACT

A B-mode ultrasonography (SCANNER 450 (5MHz), Pie Medical, Netherlands) was used either alone or associated with laboratorial and radiographic examinations in 33 bitches with clinical diagnosis of pyometra. The increased uterus appeared as a well defined tubular structure with diameter ranging from 0.5 up to 4.0 cm. The uterine lumen was less echoic than the wall, with evident echoic shinings. There was an accordance between the increasing in the viscosity of the vaginal secretion and the echoigenicity. The ultrasonographic diagnosis was possible in 31 bitches (94%) confirmed by laparotomy and autopsy. The B-mode ultrasonography can be used in the diagnosis of bitches with pyometra.


A ultra-sonografia do tipo B (SCANNER 450 (5MHz), Pie Medical, Holanda) foi utilizada isolada ou em conjunto com exames laboratoriais e radiográficos em 33 cadelas com história clínica compatível com piometra. O útero dilatado apresentou imagem ultrassonográfica de uma estrutura tubular bem definida com diâmetro entre 0,5 e 4,0 cm. O conteúdo luminal uterino apresentou menor ecogenicidade que a parede, com cintilações ecogênicas bem evidentes. Houve concordância entre o aumento da viscosidade da secreção e a intensidade ecogênica. O diagnóstico ultra-sonográfico foi possível em 31 animais (94%), e foi confirmado através de laparotomia ou necrópsia. Concluímos que a ultra-sonografia do tipo B é método eficiente, podendo ser utilizado no diagnóstico da piometra canina.

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